Resource Library: Multimedia/Resource Library: Multimedia.iso/hypertxt/msdos/montana0/jnl.024

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                     Introduction to Hua2 Xia4 Wen3 Zhai1
               -- A New CND Chinese Article Transmission Service

   0.Table of Contents:
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1. Objectives .......................................................  09
   2. Sources and Contributions ........................................  22
   3. Standard and Software ............................................  32
   3. Subscription .....................................................  17
   5. Archives .........................................................  28
   Appendix
   A1.How to use anonymous ftp and retrieve viewers and utils via ftp ..  58
   A2.How to uudecode/encode and  How to contribute to CND-CM ..........  47
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------

   1.Objectives:  ......................................................  09

   Hua Xia Wen Zhai is a newly established branch of China News Digest(CND).
   Its English name is CND Chinese Magazine(CND-CM). The objective of CND-CM
   is to promote Chinese  culture  and  Chinese computing in oversea Chinese
   community. Editors of CND-CM are  from  the  same group of volunteers who
   edit China News Digest  (English  daily  service). CND-CM will distribute
   selected  Chinese  articles  to  computer  networks  on  a  weekly basis,
   depending on the  availability  of  Chinese  articles  and editor's spare
   time.

   2.Sources and Contributions:  ........................................ 22

   CND-CM  is  a  digest-type  service.  Most  articles  are  selected  from
   diskettes contributed  from  oversea  Chinese  magazines.  A  few Chinese
   magazines and organizations have  already  contributed their past or even
   current issues of their publications to CND. Among them are Square, China
   Spring,  IFCSS  Newsletter,  Press  Freedom  Guardian.  All  the articles
   selected  will  be  properly  credited  to  their  original  authors  and
   publishers (contributors). We will enlarge our sources by contacting more
   magazines in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hongkong in the future.

   CND netters are  encouraged  to  contribute  Chinese articles directly to
   CND-CM(see Appendix 2 for technical  details). The articles can be either
   the works of your own, or  from a well-established magazine. In the later
   case, we will ask the permissions  from the original author and publisher
   to distribute the Chinese articles on academic computing network.

   Editors will try  their  best  to  select  quality  articles based on the
   criteria of Zhi1 Shi4 Xing4, Qu4  Wei4  Xing4, and Zi1 Liao4 Xing4 (being
   informative, educational, of common interest, and collectable.). There is
   no implication that any selected article necessarily reflect the point of
   view of the editors. Readers  are  urged to exercise their own discretion
   to judge the truthfulness and value of the articles.

   3. Standard and Software ............................................. 32

   Basically,  there  are  two  different  standards  in  Chinese Computing,
   GuoBiao(GB) and BIG-5. GuoBiao, as  the Chinese term implies, is national
   standard, whereas BIG-5 is a popular code in Taiwan and Hongkong. GB code
   is adopted in many systems, such as CCDOS and Macintosh Chinese Operating
   System 6.0x.  CND-CM will distribute  Chinese articles in GB. Readers can
   read CND-CM articles directly by the Chinese softwares using GB standard.
   Dr. Yan Yongxin  has  contributed  his  BYX1.1  Chinese  editor to Public
   Domain. It is available by 'anonymous' FTP (see appendix 1). The articles
   are also readable (printable) by  BIG-5  software (some are freeware, see
   appendix 1) after converting GB to BIG-5.

   GB  files  are  binary  ones.  Network  mail  only  supports  ASCII(text)
   transmission. Chinese GB article must be  converted to plain text file at
   distributor's end before transmission,  and  be  converted back to binary
   file at recipient's site. UUENCODE/UUDECODE  is  a very popular scheme to
   convert file  between  binary  and  text.  It  is  available  on all Unix
   machines. There are also UUENCODE/DECODE  versions for DOS and many other
   systems(See Appendix 1).CND-CM will  use  UUENCODE standard to distribute
   Chinese articles. Readers can use  UUDECODE  to convert text file back to
   Chinese file in GB. The whole process is shown below:

    Editor  | Done by CND-CM | Done by listserv | Done by Readers | Viewer
   Chinese ------> GB -------->  mail text  ---------> GB -------> Chinese
       input/edit   | uuencode | distribute | uudecode |  display

   Due to lack of Chinese  GB  viewers/editors for various mainfram systems.
   Our readership  will  be  confined  mainly  to  PC  users  at this stage.
   However, if one knows how to view a Chinese file in BIG-5 format, one can
   read the magazine as well (See part4).  We hope that more Chinese text GB
   viewers on various  systems  will  be  developed  by  netters in the near
   future.

   4. Subscription ...................................................... 17

   Subscription and distribution  will  be  dealt  by listserv. To subscribe
   CND-CM, send mail  to  [e-mail]   or [e-mail]. The
   subject line is optional,  the  listserv  command  should be in the first
   line of the mail text: sub ccman-l {your full name}
   To unsubscribe the list,  send  mail containing 'signoff ccman-l' command
   to the same address. Don't write anything else in the mail containing the
   listserv commands.  Bitnetters  can  also  send  commands  to listserv by
   interactive message.

   Please DO NOT send command to ccman-l@uga.

   To let BIG-5 software users read  CND-CM  more easily,  we will also post
   converted copies of CND-CM  in  BIG-5  to  the HKU BIG-5 Chinese articles
   relay station at ahkcus.org. Send  your requests and questions about big5
   Chinese  articles  relaying  to  [e-mail]  (CAR  stands for
   Chinese Articles Relay).

   5. Archives .......................................................... 28

   Uuencoded GB articles of CND-CM  will be available from listserv database
   system at  uga.bitnet.  To  get  a  list  of  available  files,  send the
   following command to listserv:
   index ccman-l
   The command to retrieve certain file is:
   get filename
   Again, the command should be send to listserv instead of the list itself.

   CND is very grateful to Aaron  Cheung  of AHKCUS who made archives of all
   CND branches available by 'anonymous' ftp. CND-CM articles in original GB
   code will be in /gb/cnd-cm subdirectory of [e-mail]. Internet
   users can retrieve articles in  GB  (uudecoding  is not needed) from that
   anonymous file server directly.

   The first issue of CND-CM will be  distributed on April 5, 1991, the 15th
   anniversary of 4.5  TAM movement.  CND-CM  hopes that readers will  enjoy
   reading  articles  in   Chinese  on  a mainly  English-mediated  computer
   network:-)   If  you  have  any  suggestion  and  comment,  mail  them to
   [e-mail]

   People currently in CND-CM working group (ie, on the alias cnd-cm@bronze)
   are:
   Zhu, Ruopeng(Editor for the 1st issue) {[e-mail]}
   Xu, Gang                               {[e-mail]}
   Ding, Jian                             {[e-mail]}
   Guan, Weihe                            {[e-mail]}
   Wei, Yaqui                             {[e-mail]}
   Yao, Minghui                           {[e-mail]}

   +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |      Editor of this CND issue:      Yao, Minghui                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |To subscribe CND, Send one-line command 'sub china-nn {your full name}'|
   | to [e-mail]  or [e-mail]            |
   | To subscribte CND-CM, send 'sub ccman-l {your full name}' to          |
   | [e-mail]  or [e-mail]                      |
   +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

               ==============   A P P E N D I X  ==============

   A1: What is anonymous FTP? How to get viewers and utilities via FTP? ..58

   To read CND-CM, the first thing you do is to get viewer and utilities via
   anonymous ftp and install them on your system.

   FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is  a  subsystem  to allow users to transfer
   files between the local system  and  remote  systems.  On internet, there
   are many public file  servers  that  archive  data  files and software of
   various topics. People can login these accounts as 'anonymous' (anonymous
   must be in lower  case  for  those  servers  on unix system) and retrieve
   files from or contribute to these 'anonymous' accounts.

   To login anonymous server on a remote machine, type in the following line
   at your system prompt: ftp domain.name.    (eg, ftp ahkcus.org ) At login
   prompt, enter 'anonymous' as  user  name.  Password  can be anything, but
   your real id on your local  machine  is preferred. After login, use 'dir'
   to list available files  in  the  current  directory,  use 'cd' to change
   directory (eg, cd pub). 'get' is  a command to retrieve files from remote
   machine. Before retrieving files,  you  may  need  to specify the mode by
   commands 'bin' and 'asc'. For example, GB files and .exe files are binary
   ones. You need to transfer them  in  binary mode. So before issuing 'get'
   command, type in 'bin' to tell machine to transfer files in binary mode.

   Many files in anonymous ftp  are  compressed ones. You need to uncompress
   before installing them on  your  system.  A common compression format for
   MSDOS is .zip. You need    unzip  utility  to  retrieve files. The one we
   provided in ahkcus.org is pk110eu.exe. Three BYX1.1 package in ahkcus.org
   are self-extracting zip  file.  You  don't  need  any  utility to extract
   files. Unix compressed file has an extension '.Z'. It can be uncompressed
   by  'uncompress'  command  on  Unix.  '.tar.Z'  is  compressed  unix tape
   archive. To extract files  from  such  an archive file, uncompress first,
   then untar the '.tar' file. Example:
   uncompress b2g.tar.Z
   tar -xf b2g.tar

   The following is a brief list of anonymous ftp that archive China-related
   software and documents(The  info  in  the  following  list is mainly from
   ftp.sites file at crl.nmsu.edu):

   (1)ahkcus.org              [IP: 192.55.187.25 ]
   Articles in BIG5 from  HKU  (big5/),    IFCSS Newsletters in GB(gb/ifcss-
   nl/). CND  Chinese  Magazine  in  GB  (gb/cnd-cm/,  no  articles  in this
   directory yet.) CND archives(English) (cnd-g/, cnd-us/, cnd-ca/, cnd-ep/)
   HKU Chinese News utilities  (src/),  GB<--->BIG5 conversion utilities for
   unix and vms (/src/, /src/vms),  BYX1.1 Chinese Editor (/src)

   (2)crl.nmsu.edu            [IP: 128.123.1.14]
   BYX1.1, X11 fonts, GBn<--->BIG5 conversion utilities, HKU Chinese articles
   and readnews utilities....  many more (pub/chinese/, pub/misc/)

   (3)cs.purdue.edu           [IP: 128.10.2.1]
   cclib16* fonts. more (pub/ygz)

   (4)hanauma.stanford.edu    [IP: 36.51.0.16]
   Pinyin pronunciation tables,Pinyin->GB code table, etc (pub/zhongwen/)

   (5)june.cs.washington.edu  [128.95.1.4]
   Lots of interesting stuff. (pub/yueng)

   You are encouraged to  browse  these  anonymous  ftp  servers and get the
   software that are useful for your system.

   ------------------------------------------------------------------------

   A2: How to uudecode  mails  distributed  by  CND-CM?  How to contribute a
   Chinese article to CND-CM?    ........................................ 47

   (1) Installing UUDECODE: If you are on a Unix system or a system that has
   uudecode on-line, you do not need to  do anything. If your system has not
   installed uudecode, get it from anonymous ftp. There are several versions
   out there. DOS and VMS versions are available at ahkcus.org. The programs
   for DOS are uudecode-dk20.exe(self-exrtacting, David Kirschchbaum version
   2.0), toaduu.zip (Toad  version),  and  uudecode.bas  in /src directory.
   For the .bas file, download it to  your  PC in ASCII mode, at DOS prompt,
   type  gwbasic  uudecode,  then  uudecode.com  and  uuencode.com  will  be
   generated on your disk. For  the  .zip  file,  you  need to ftp in binary
   mode, then unzip with  the  utility  provided  in the same directory. VMS
   user can get it from /src/vms subdirectory. It is a compiled version. Use
   binary mode  to  get  it  to  your  system.  Add  following  line in your
   login.com file: $ uudecode:==$Userdisk:[userdir]uudecode.exe
   Example: $ uudecode:==$disk1:[zhang]uudecode.exe

   (2) Uudecoding: To uudecode, the first  step  is to save CND-CM mail to a
   file. In unix mail,  type:  s  'filename'  or  w 'filename'. In vms mail,
   type: extract 'filename'. All  the  uudecode  programs provided in ahkcus
   anonymous server will can the  mail  header and tailer automatically. But
   some uudecode versions may not have this function. In that case, you need
   to  edit the file you saved,  cut mail header and all the messages before
   '----- cut here -----' line. At system prompt, type
   uudecode 'filename'
   Then, the original GB  binary  file  will  be  generated  on your disk in
   seconds. This file can be viewed/edited by Chinese viewer/editor.

   If you need to transfer  or  download  GB  files, Don't forget use binary
   transfer mode. You can also download  the  text  file to your PC first in
   text(ascii) mode, and uudecode the uuencoded text on your PC.

   (3)uuencoding and Contributing Articles to CND-CM

   To contribute a Chinese article to  CND-CM, you need to enter the article
   in any Chinese editor. Contributions  can  be on any topics, from Chinese
   literature, poetry, to politics.

   Before mailing your contribution  to  CND-CM, convert the Chinese article
   to ascii file  with  uuencode  program:  uuencode  filename (eg. uuencode
   poem.gb). After running uuencode program,  a  file with an extension .uue
   (poem.uue) will be generated  on  your  disk.  The file is uuencoded text
   file, which can be  mailed  over  computer  network. To let CND-CM editor
   process your contribution more easily,  please  add  a note in English at
   top of the file. The note  should contain the following info: (1)Title of
   the article, (2)Author,  (3)Publisher  of  the article, (4)Chinese editor
   you used (ie, the article is in GB or big5?). Add a line -----cut here---
   - to separate the note and uuencoded text. Send uuencoded Chinese article
   to [e-mail] .

   ------------------------------------------------------------------------